The Curious Incident Of The Dog - 1661 Words

Have you ever felt misunderstood or isolated from the people around you, just because you’re different from them? In Mark Haddon’s â€Å"The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time†, the main character and protagonist, Christopher Boone, is a 15 year old boy who struggles to cope with the effects of Autism. Although Mark Haddon never directly expresses that Christopher has autism, it is very easy to realize that Christopher is different than most people. And because of that, and through Christopher’s self-narration, readers are quick to realize that he struggles with Autism. When a person has Asperger’s Syndrome their skills are different than people without Asperger’s Syndrome. In the novel, Christopher Boone is accurately portrayed as someone with Asperger’s Syndrome by him having social impairments such as repetitive routines, trouble with social interactions and socially inappropriate behavior, and always feeling the need to have a logical reasoning and explanation for the events in his life. This is often is found in people with autism (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke). Other reasonings to prove that Christopher has Autism include, the need for trust and the inability of showing emotion. One of the most recognizable, and basic, traits of an autistic child is the inability of showing and sometimes having emotions. Many autistic children experience this inability because â€Å"children with autism often find it hard to recognize and control theirShow MoreRelatedThe Curious Incident Of The Dog807 Words   |  4 PagesNinth Grade High School Summer Reading Assignment The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time by Mark Haddon 1.) How do we form and shape our identities? We form and shape our identities by experiences, hurt, love, guilt and various other emotions as well as things we see others going through, all of these things whether they be good or bad help form and shape our identities. 2.) How do we define who we are? We define who we are by our hobbies, our interests, by our likes and dislikesRead MoreThe Curious Incident Of The Dog1118 Words   |  5 PagesThe Curious Incident Of The Dog In The Night-Time The novel The Curious Incident Of The Dog In The Night-Time by Mark Haddon is about a boy named Christopher John Francis Boone. He struggles with a high functioning form of autism known as asperger s. Christopher excels in the subjects of math, geography, and in both reading and solving murder mysteries. The book begins with Christopher finding his neighbor s dog: Wellington, dead on their front lawn, with a garden fork in his stomach. ChristopherRead MoreThe Curious Incident Of The Dog1021 Words   |  5 PagesThe Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time, written by Mark Haddon, is an insightful novel narrated by the protagonist of the story, Christopher Boone, a fifteen year old boy who is on the autism spectrum. Christopher’s condition effects his perception of events in a way that makes his viewpoint somewhat idiosyncratic, as reflected in his narration. Despite the vast differences in the perception of events in the story between the protagonist and the reader, the intellectual value of the storyRead MoreThe Curious Incident Of The Dog1540 Words   |  7 PagesThe Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time, originally a novel written by Mark Maddon was created into a Tony Award winning play by Simon Stephens in 2015, and is a must see. This play revolves around a fifteen-year-old boy with Asperger’s syndrome, Christopher Boone, and begins with him trying to discover who killed the neighbors dog-Wellington. As the play progresses we soon find out that this is the least of his worries. This story is one of the first written from the perspective of a personRead MoreA Curious Incident Of The Dog1456 Words   |  6 PagesMark Haddon’s A Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time, a mystery/bildungsroman novel, and Sophie Laguna’s The Eye of the Sheep, a family drama/bildungsroman novel, explore the way certain factors can affect an individual’s growth within a familial environment through similar themes exhibited in both novels. Haddon and Laguna show their main characters Christopher and Jimmy growing up within a dysfunctional family in 20th century Swindon and Melbourne, where each main character in their respectiveRead MoreCurious Incident of the Dog965 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book the curious incident of the dog at night-time written by Mark Haddon, an important idea is the difficulty of diversity in society. Haddon communicated the idea through the book using the language features narrative point of view, Dialogue, and symbolism. Narrative point of view was used to show us Christopher’s perspective on how he views the world and society, and to get inside Christopher’s head to explain the fact he reacts a certain way, or believes in a certain philosophy like howRead MoreThe Curious Incident Of The Dog1282 Words   |  6 Pages Draft Haddon Paper. In Haddon’s novel, The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time, the objectivity of truth is placed into question. Throughout the book, Haddon is able to assimilate to his readers the thoughts and experiences of a boy with autism. The way in which Christopher views the world, is drastically distinctive from the majority of other persons. He is unable to distinguish a vast array of emotions and has difficulty emphasizing with and understanding others. Christopher is onlyRead MoreThe Curious Incident Of The Dog1297 Words   |  6 Pagesare provided by the author and Christopher Boone, narrator of the novel The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time, states, â€Å"If it is a good puzzle you can sometimes work out the answer before the end of the book† (5). In relation to this, the most valuable information is typically gained throughout the process of the investigation rather than the solution itself. Although the book The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Ni ght-time is not classified as a detective story, the plot still goesRead MoreThe Curious Incident Of The Dog1062 Words   |  5 PagesThe Curious Incident of the Dog in the Nighttime is an inspiring novel about finding yourself--even when you’re just a bit different. The novel follows fifteen-year old Christopher Boone, a self-proclaimed detective, in search of answers regarding the murder of his neighbor’s dog. Along the way, he ends up finding answers to some of the issues in his life as well. Though Christopher has Asperger s Syndrome (which may slow him down at times), he’s proof of accomplishing your goals even the mainstreamRead MoreThe Curious Incident Of The Dog1089 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish Assignment: A Change of Perspective The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time †¢ Chosen Event: Discovering Wellington’s Dead Body (Page 3-8) †¢ From the Perspective of: Mrs. Shears A Personal Recount from the Perspective of Mrs. Shears Based On Pages 3-8... â€Å"It was 7 minutes after midnight.† I only knew this because the telly was broadcasting an urgent message about Prince Harry, and it had the exact time on the screen. Fucking remote won’t work now that Ed broke it. He is such a damned

Analysis of Divisional Performance of Asian Paints Ltd Free Essays

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT PONDICHERRY UNIVERSITY ASSIGNMENT ON ADVANCED COST ACCOUNTING ANALYSIS OF DIVISIONAL PERFORMANCE OF ASIAN PAINTS LTD SUBMITTED TO: -SUBMITTED BY: – DR. G. SHANMUGHASUNDARAM A. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Divisional Performance of Asian Paints Ltd or any similar topic only for you Order Now PURUSHOTHAMAN ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR M. COM (BUSINESS FINANCE) DEPT. OF COMMERCE 2nd YEAR PONDICHERRY UNIVERSITY REG. NUMBER: 11351059 INTRODUCTION DIVISIONAL PERFOMANCE OF COST CENTRE AND PROFIT CENTRE A profit centre is a unit of a company that generates revenue in excess of its expenses. The main aim of profit centre is to earn profit. The performance of profit centre is evaluated in terms of whether the centre has been achieved its budgeted profit A  cost centre  is a business unit that is only responsible for the  costs  that it incurs. The manager of a cost centre is not responsible for  revenue  generation or asset usage. The performance of a cost centre is usually evaluated through the comparison of  budgeted  to actual costs. The costs incurred by a cost centre may be aggregated into a  cost pool  and allocated to other business units. Investment centre is responsible for both profit and investment. The investment centre manager has control over revenue, expenses and the amount invested in the current assets. The following are the techniques used to measure the divisional performance of cost centre and profit centre * Variance analysis * Profit * Return on investment * Market share COST PER UNIT: Cost refers to the total cost incurred for the production. So cost per unit refers to the cost incurred for producing 1 unit. Normally we used the below formula to calculate the cost per unit Cost/unit = total cost / No. of unit produced COST PER UNIT year| Production| Total expenses| COST PER UNIT| 008| 40946. 7| 559586| 0. 073173203| 2009| 50418. 7| 602922| 0. 083623918| 2010| 57937. 2| 732142| 0. 079133829| 2011| 72582. 9| 849056| 0. 085486587| Interpretation: The above table and chart shows the cost per unit of Asian paints India ltd. They incurred highest cost per unit in the year 2011. This may because increasing the cost of raw material or other charges etc. It is better to have lower cost per unit because when cost per unit increases the total cost will increase. That in turn reduces the profitability of a firm. In the 2008 the firms have lower cost per unit of production compared to other years. So may be this year the profit is increased. The cost per unit is higher in the years 2011 and 2009. COST VARIANCE Cost variance (CV) is the amount of money that was actually spent on a project or a part of a project compared to the amount of work that was actually accomplished. Cost variance = Budgeted cost of work performed – The actual cost of work performed. YEAR| TOTAL COST| STANDARD| COST VARIANCE | DECISION| 2008| 40946. 7| 61276. 54| -20329. 84| A| 2009| 50418. 7| 61276. 54| -10857. 84| A| 2010| 57937. 2| 61276. 54| -3339. 34| A| 2011| 72582. 9| 61276. 54| 11306. 6| F| 2012| 84,497. 20| 61276. 54| 23220. 66| F| Interpretation: Here from 2008 to 2010 there is a favorable situation because in these years actual cost is less than standard cost. In 2011 and 2012 actual cost exceeds standard cost. That may be because of increase in the cost/unit in these years. SALES VARIANCE Sales variance is the difference between actual sales and budget sales. It is used to measure the p erformance of a sales function, and/or analyze business results to better understand market conditions. Sales variance = Actual sales – standard sales Segment 1= Paint YEAR| SALE| STANDARD| SALES VARIANCE| DECISION| 2008| 39062. 2| 51731. 3| -12669. 1| A| 2009| 48641. 9| 51731. 3| -3089. 4| A| 2010| 56135| 51731. 3| 4403. 7| F| 2011| 63086. 1| 51731. 3| 11354. 8| F| Segment 2= Others YEAR| SALE| STANDARD| SALES VARIANCE| DECISION| 2008| 1731. 7| 1717. 375| 14. 325| F| 2009| 1634. 5| 1717. 375| -82. 875| A| 2010| 1774| 1717. 375| 56. 625| A| 2011| 1729. 3| 1717. 375| 11. 925| A| TOTAL SALES VARIANCE YEAR| TOTAL SALES| STANDARD| COST VARIANCE | DECISION| 2008| 40,946. 70| 62,655. 72| -21,709. 02| A| 2009| 50,418. 70| 62655. 72| -12,237. 02| A| 2010| 57,937. 0| 62655. 72| -4,718. 52| A| 2011| 72,582. 90| 62655. 72| 9,927. 18| F| 2012| 91,393. 10| 62655. 72| 28,737. 38| F| INTERPRETATION Sales variance is higher in the year 2012 which means that company sold more than standard sales in the year 2012. And the 2011 also have the favorable value but it is lower than 2012. From 2008 to 2010 company cannot sold more than standard sales. That is an unfavorab le situation for the company. MARKET SHARE The percentage of an industry or market’s total sales that is earned by a particular company over a specified time period is known as market share. Market share is calculated by taking the company’s sales over the period and dividing it by the total sales of the industry over the same period. This metric is used to give a general idea of the size of a company to its market and its competitors. Market share Year| Total sales| Industrial sales| Market share | 2008| 40,946. 70| 348047| 11. 76| 2009| 50,418. 70| 393266| 12. 82| 2010| 57,937. 20| 260717| 22. 22| 2011| 72,582. 90| 834703| 8. 70| 2012| 91,393. 10| 868,234. 00| 10. 53| Interpretation: Company has highest market share in the year 2010. It is decreased in the subsequent years may be because of increased price of the products. WORKING CAPITAL TURN OVER RATIO A measurement comparing the depletion of working capital  to the generation of sales over a given period called as working capital turn over ration. This  provides some useful information  as to how effectively a company is using  its working capital to generate sales. WORKING CAPITAL TURN OVER RATIO YEAR| TOTAL SALES| CURRENT ASSETS| CURRENT LIABILITIES| WC| WCTOR| 2008| 40,946. 70| 8,686. 30| 8018. 6| 667. 70| 61. 32| 2009| 50,418. 70| 10,403. 70| 7811. 4| 2,592. 30| 19. 45| 2010| 57,937. 20| 11,981. 00| 10588. 7| 1,392. 30| 41. 61| 2011| 72,582. 90| 15,475. 70| 11952. | 3,522. 90| 20. 60| 2012| 91,393. 10| 19,927. 70| 16008. 9| 3,918. 80| 23. 32| Interpretation: Here working capital ratio is higher in the year 2008. This means that company may have adequate working capital for their operation in 2008. Working capital to ratio is very lower in the subsequent years (i. e. 2009 to 2012), it shows that company is struggled with inadequacy of wor king capital in that years. INVENTORY TURN OVER RATIO Inventory Turnover Ratio is one of the efficiency ratios and measures the number of times, on average, the inventory is sold and replaced during the fiscal year. Inventory Turnover Ratio formula is: year| Total sales| opening stock| closing stock| Avg stock| ITOR| 2008| 40,946. 70| 40,946. 70 | 42,954. 70 | 41,950. 70 | 97. 61| 2009| 50,418. 70| 50,418. 70 | 52,427. 70 | 51,423. 20 | 98. 05| 2010| 57,937. 20| 57,937. 20 | 59,947. 20 | 58,942. 20 | 98. 29| 2011| 72,582. 90| 72,582. 90 | 74,593. 90 | 73,588. 40 | 98. 63| INTERPRETATION A low inventory turnover ratio is a signal of inefficiency, since inventory usually has a rate of return of zero. It also implies either poor sales or excess inventory. A low turnover rate can indicate poor liquidity, possible overstocking, and obsolescence, but it may also reflect a planned inventory buildup in the case of material shortages or in anticipation of rapidly rising prices. In our case the 2008 has the lower turnover rate. A high inventory turnover ratio implies either strong sales or ineffective buying (the company buys too often in small quantities, therefore the buying price is higher). A high inventory turnover ratio can indicate better liquidity, but it can also indicate a shortage or inadequate inventory levels, which may lead to a loss in business. Here the years from 2009 to 2011 there is constant turnover rate. RETURN ON INVESTMENT A performance measure used to evaluate the efficiency of an  investment or to compare the efficiency of a number of different investments. The objective of every firm is to earn a satisfactory return on capital invested. This is the measure of success i. e. it shows the overall profitability of the firm. ROI = PAT/ cap. Employed YEAR| PBIT| CAPILAT EMPLOYED| ROI| 2008| 5925. | 9,285. 00| 63. 81583199| 2009| 6075. 9| 10,944. 70| 55. 51454128| 2010| 10526. 9| 15,572. 20| 67. 60059593| 2011| 11636. 7| 19,753. 20| 58. 91045501| 2012| 14,086. 30| 24,877. 80| 56. 62196818| INTERPRETATION The above table and chart implies us, The ROI is higher in the year 2008. The Company gets 63. 82% as return on investment. This may because; in this y ear company sold more than the standard sales. So return on investment is increased. Company received lowest ROI in the year 2009 CONCLUSION: The Asian paints ltd is having an indifferent performance levels, they have both positive and negative performance indicators. The sales variance is for the last two years is favorable for the company, and also all other indicators such as cost variance favorable for the firm. Another thing is that market share of the company shows a decreasing trend due to decrease in sales. The inventory and working capital of the company is also not good. So it is important for the company to focus on to improve sales volume with higher turnover, better maintenance of working capital. And to try to get more return on investment by adopt necessary measure and techniques. How to cite Analysis of Divisional Performance of Asian Paints Ltd, Essay examples

Is The American Dream Still Alive Essay Example For Students

Is The American Dream Still Alive Essay Midterm Essay: The American DreamThe American Dream is so many different things to so many different people, especially Americans. While other countries around the World would like to argue that Americans only aspiration is to become infinitely wealthy, Dinesh DSouza claims that it is not wealth that Americans want. He believes that it is simply a better life. Michael Moore too acknowledges Americans ambition, especially his own, to create a better life for themselves. These two views of the American Dream come from very opposite Americans, but it is their differences that make their ideals so beautifully unique. To begin the comparison between these two authors, I will first examine Moores ideology. As it is obviously stated in the title of his book, Moore is not exactly subtle person. He voices his contempt of what has become the American Dream through his own story of an underpaid and underappreciated pilot. Moore disgust for the pilots situation when he crudely utters, Never, ever let someone fly you up in the air whos making less than the kid at Taco Bell. (Moore, 48) Moore, of self-admitted wealth, sympathizes with men that collect food stamps. These pilots, as well as the rest of Americans, are being robbed of our American Dreams by corporate minions that have been stockpiling income for the last, two decades. (Moore, 50) These same CEOs and other suits are the greed at the tops of huge corporations that, with the absence of Clinton, have had a field day with ripping off Americans by and large through tax shelters, off-shore subsidies, and other means of defrauding the American Public. Moore drives this point home when he attacks Mercedes Benz tax dodging of emissions fines as a blatant tactic, so that rich people could drive around big, fancy cars and ruin people lungs. (Moore, 53) Although he admits to living among the rich people, Moore points out that the government too is among those that are flushing away the American Dream, because tax audits have increased among the less paid in American society. Moore reveals that his true vision of the American Dream is the success of people who have, played by the rules, gave their heart and sole and first marriage to their company. (Moore, 55) Certainly success is anything but guaranteed in any competitive Capitalistic society. This competition is what makes America thrive. However, Moore feels that it is not Capitalism fault, as much as it is those in areas of corporate power that have stolen from their workers and left without remorse. Moores harsh criticism of the United States is anchored by his acceptance that there are no better options anywhere else. DSouza, on the other hand, is an avid supporter of his image of the American Dream and its presence in America. Dinesh explains the popularity of the American Dream worldwide is because people wish for, the American way of life. (DSouza, 73) As if it was coming from a foreigner, he continues to exemplify the American Dream as an outsider looking in and seeing all of the splendor and appeal of Americans lives. It is this enchantment that causes people from all ends of the Earth to migrate to the United States and even leave their families and traditions. The most emphasized element and essentially the core of the American Dream is the ability to, write the script of your own life. (DSouza, 83) The writer gives his own real-life example of the American Dream, through his emergence as a writer and later a White House Staff member simply because he pursued his own dream. Through the constant comparisons with the inequalities present in countries throughout the World, DSouza is fascinated with the diversity of America and the, tolerant society, that this diversity has spawned. (DSouza, 94) Immediately it is obvious that these two interpretations of the current status of the American Dream are nearly political polar opposites. .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d , .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d .postImageUrl , .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d , .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d:hover , .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d:visited , .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d:active { border:0!important; } .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d:active , .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uee9d739f977be0e04ae52276efb1847d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Dell Essay Michael Moore mercilessly attacks the governments refusal to help the average working man. Moore faults corporations greed and crooked politics for forcing the American Dream further and further away from most Americans. DSouzas take on this subject is almost the exact opposite. He credits the founding fathers of our nation for laying the framework for our present day America, in which anybody has, the chance to make his own life. (DSouza, 95)Further differences become apparent in the two mens feeling toward their own successes in America. Moore basically indicts all of upper-class America for slowly driving corporations and politics into opposition of the average American, he says of his numerous wealthy neighbors, they are fit, coifed, and hungry to make a killing. (Moore, 51) While Moore would refuse to admit that some of these types of people may have pushed his book onto the bestseller list, DSouza is grateful to them because his, ideology counted more than nationality. (DSouza, 82)Although it did not become clear to me until after reading through both authors it is very obvious that Michael Moore grew up in America and its politics. Conversely, DSouza at first glance seems like your average conservative because of his stark defense of what he sees as Americas strengths.I first thought DSouzas respect and gratitude as a humble and very respectable point of view and even though I still respect his appreciation for the United States, Ive decided that I consider these feelings are somewhat nave, honestly he gives Americans too much credit. He said that if Bill Gates offered a homeless man $100 to kiss his feet, Most likely the homeless guy would tell Gates to go to hell. (DSouza, 78) As sad as it is to admit, but even I would consider kissing Bill Gates feet for $100. So in this respect Moore did have Americans (or at least me) pinned correctly. Moores cynicism is easily mistakable for negativity or anti-patriotism. I see his aggressive style as his way of embracing our democracy and forcing it to make our country better in any way it can. What he is saying is to refuse mediocrity in our own government. I too believe we should always be striving to make our country better. It is this reason that I call DSouza nave. Our government did not become what it is over night. It has been hundreds of years of fight and struggle from people like Moore that pushed America through her weaknesses, like segregation, racism, injustice, etc. . DSouza touches on this idea somewhat when he quotes V.S. Naipauls notion that Americans believe in an individuals potential for, perfectibility. (DSouza, 85) Because of our government, more directly its rule by the people, this perfectibility should also be extended to our every political ideal. Even though I admire DSouza and his blind love for America, I agree that Moores head is in the right direction. Works CitedDSouza, Dinesh., Whats So Great About America (Washington, Regnery Publishing, 2002).Moore, Michael., Stupid White Men (New York

Should Social Security Be Privatized Essays - Economy, Finance

Should Social Security Be Privatized Should Social Security be Privatized? Many people dont understand how the Social Security system really works. There are no separate Social Security accounts set up for each taxpayer to which he contributes his Social Security tax each year. Many people believe these accounts exist, that the money they pay into their accounts grows each year until retirement, and when they retire they get back what they paid in with interest. This is not true. Most people are unaware of the fact that our current Social Security system is a pay-as-you-go program, which means that the revenue the federal government raises each tax year for Social Security benefits is paid out that same year to beneficiaries. Many economists believe that our Social Security system is in need of a major overhaul if today's workers are to receive future benefits. Thomas R. Saving, Director of the Private Enterprise Research Center at Texas A&M University says, What is wrong is that the Social Security system was never set up to be a sound investment-based retirement system. Karl Borden, professor of financial economics at the University of Nebraska recently wrote, Social Security is an unfunded pay-as-you-go system, fundamentally flawed and analogous in design to illegal pyramid schemes. Government accounting creates the illusion of a trust fund, but, in fact, excess receipts are spent immediately. Robert M. Ball, former commissioner of Social Security said, Some of the trust fund money should be put into the stock market. I want to do it to get a better return for the Social Security system. Historically, long-term government bonds have had a real return, after inflation, of 2.3 percent a year, compared with 6.3 percent for stocks. Paul W. Boltz, economist for the T. Rowe Price mutual fund said, When we examine the pending financial crisis of our Social Security system, we find, in effect, the characteristics of a government sponsored Ponzi-type scheme. Michael H. Cosgrove, of the Dallas-based newsletter, The Econoclast says, People need to take the responsibility of investing their own funds for their retirement. The Social Security system assumes people can't make that decision and government can do it better. The result is a bankrupt Social Security System. These economists believe that by investing in the private market, someone currently entering the labor force and retiring at age 65 can expect to receive an inflation adjusted retirement benefit from 1.5 to 5.5 times the current social security benefit. Increasing life expectancy and decreasing birth rates have combined to create the crisis the system is now facing. For example, in 1950 there were 16 workers for every social security retiree, while presently there are only 3.3 workers for every retired worker drawing benefits. Estimates are that by 2030 there will be fewer than two workers for every retiree. Privatizing social security sounds extreme, but it has been done successfully in other countries like Chile. Jose Pinera, who was Chile's minister of labor, privatized the state pension system in 1981. It is now giving retirees generous pensions while fueling investment, growth and improving living standards in that country. The heart of the Chilean system is a mandatory savings plan. All workers under age 45 contribute 10 percent of their monthly earnings in special accounts, known as AFPs (Administradoras de Fondos de Pensiones). Workers between ages 45 and 65 could shift to the new system at their option. The funds in AFPs are professionally managed and invested in stocks and bonds. The money may not be touched until retirement, at which time the worker may begin phased withdrawals or purchase an annuity. At the end of 1995 more than $25 billion was invested in AFP accounts. The old Social Security system is being phased out. By 2030 Chile's Social security will entirely be privatized. This system ensures the money a taxpayer pays for retirement goes to helping that taxpayer retire (not others). It ensures the money paid in taxes is invested and grows. It also gives taxpayers choices over their plans and the age at which they want to retire. If the US were to adopt a system like Chile's, we could save our own failed Social Security system and provide real security and peace of mind to everyone. The money paid into these individual retirement accounts is invested, meaning more capital is available to the business sector for investment. An individual would have their very own pension, with their name on it. The government would no longer control the money that the individual paid in to it. It is the individual's account, just like an IRA. It is essentially a government mandated IRA. Only

The Receivers Important Role in Clear Communication

The Receiver's Important Role in Clear Communication In the communication process, the receiver is the listener, reader, or observer- that is, the  individual (or the group of individuals)  to whom a message is directed. The receiver is also called the audience  or decoder. The person who initiates a message in the communication process is called the sender. Put simply, an effective message is one thats received in the way that the sender intended. Problems can arise on both ends that prevent the intended message from getting through to the receiver. The Message and Potential Problems For example, Paige asks Bill a question verbally. The message travels through the air, the channel, to  Bills ears. He responds. Paige is the sender, the question is the message, and Bill is the receiver and gives Paige feedback by answering the question. Myriad areas and ways exist where problems could arise even in this short exchange. If Paige whispers, Bill might not hear it. Maybe he hears only a portion of it and responds to a question that wasnt actually asked, and so Paige is confused. Maybe theres background noise, or the question isnt clear. If Bill is distracted by something and not paying attention, he might miss some of the words and respond inappropriately- or he might miss the question entirely so that the exchange needs to begin again. If hes not looking at Paige when she asks the question, he would miss any body language that would provide subtext to the question. If Paige sends an email or text  message to Bill, problems might arise because Bill doesnt have Paiges body language or tone of voice to interpret, which could add  information to the message. Autocorrect might have inserted errors into the text, or a missing question mark might make a question seem like a statement. These are all hindrances to effective communication. The degree of effectiveness is determined by how much of the message is understood by the receiver. Decoding the Message In the book, Business Communication, authors Carol M. Lehman and Debbie D. DuFrene lay it out this way: The receivers task is to interpret the senders message, both verbal and nonverbal, with as little distortion as possible. The process of interpreting the message is known as decoding. Because words and nonverbal signals have different meanings to different people, countless problems can occur at this point in the communication process: The sender inadequately encodes the original message with words not present in the receivers vocabulary; ambiguous, nonspecific ideas; or nonverbal signals that distract the receiver or contradict the verbal message. The receiver is intimidated by the position or authority of the sender, resulting in a tension that prevents effective concentration on the message and failure to ask for needed clarification.The receiver prejudges the topic as too boring or difficult to understand and does not attempt to understand the message.The receiver is close-minded and unreceptive to new and different ideas. With the infinite number of breakdowns possible at each stage of the communication process, it is indeed a miracle that effective communication ever occurs. Even the environment or the receivers  emotional state can affect the decoding of the message, for example, distractions in the room, discomfort on the part of the receiver, or stress or anxiety that allow the receiver to insert subtext that the sender didnt intend. Knowledge of social or cultural contexts can hinder the receiver from picking up cues or responding appropriately as well. Relational contexts can color a message, too, as messages from close friends could be received differently than a message from a work supervisor. Importance of Feedback When its not clear to the sender that understanding has occurred on the part of the receiver, communication continues, for example, through follow-up questions from either party, further discussion, or the sender giving examples, rephrasing the information, or other means of clarification to get the sender and receiver on the same so-called wavelength. In a presentation, the sender might show charts or images to make a point more clear to the audience or reader. The more cues and channels that the receiver has and is open to receiving is often better; for example, it can be easy to misconstrue tone or subtext in an email or text message, while that same message would come through clearly if the receiver hears the persons voice or is speaking with them face to face.   In the book, Planning, Implementing, and Evaluating Targeted Communication Programs, authors Gary W. Selnow and William D. Crano note that body language and tone arent just communication on the senders side: Feedback in the interpersonal setting provides a running account of a receivers reception of a message. Obvious cues such as direct questions show how well a receiver is processing the information. But subtle indicators also may provide information. For instance, a receivers yawn, silence when comments are expected, or expressions of boredom suggest that selective exposure gates may be in operation. A receiver also may have tone and subtext in the feedback given to the sender, such as responding with sarcasm or anger, which might be missed if the feedback is text-only  but likely would not be missed if the parties can either see or hear each other or both.

How to Get a GRE Voucher and Discounts on the Test

How to Get a GRE Voucher and Discounts on the Test The GRE testing fee can be a significant barrier for applicants on a limited budget. However, financial assistance is available through several vouchers and fee reduction programs. In fact, you may be able to save as much as 100% on your GRE testing fee. GRE Vouchers The GRE Fee Reduction Program provides 50%-off vouchers for test-takers with demonstrated financial need.The GREÂ  Prepaid Voucher Service sells vouchers to organizations and institutions, which in turn offer savings to test-takers with demonstrated need. These vouchers can cover part or all of the testing fee.GRE promo codes, which can be found online through a simple Google search, can help you save money on test prep materials. There are three basic ways to save on the GRE: the GRE Fee Reduction Program, GRE Prepaid Vouchers and GRE promo codes. The first two options will reduce your testing fee, while the last option will help you save on test prep materials. GREFee Reduction Program The first place to look for savings is the GRE Fee Reduction Program. This program is offered directly through ETS, the makers of the GRE. The GRE Fee Reduction Program provides saving vouchers to test takers who will be taking the GRE in the United States, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands or Puerto Rico. The GRE Fee Reduction Program voucher can be used to cover 50% of the cost of the GRE General Test and/or the cost of one GRE Subject Test. There is a limited supply of vouchers, and they are awarded on a first-come, first-served basis, so vouchers are not guaranteed. The program is open to U.S. citizens and permanent residents, 18 years or older, with demonstrated financial need. To apply, you must be either an unenrolled college graduate who has applied for financial aid, a college senior currently receiving financial aid, or unemployed/receiving unemployment compensation. Additional requirements are as follows: Dependent college seniors must submit an FAFSA Student Aid Report (SAR) with a parental contribution of no more than $2,500.Self-supporting college seniors must submit an FAFSA Student Aid Report (SAR) with a contribution of no more than $3,000; they must also have self-supporting status on the report.Unenrolled college graduates must submit an FAFSA Student Aid Report (SAR) with a contribution of no more than $3,000.Unemployed individuals must prove that they are unemployed by signing a declaration of unemployment and submitting an Unemployment Benefits Statement from the past 90 days.Permanent residents must submit a copy of their green card. To increase your chances of getting a voucher from the GRE Fee Reduction Program, you should fill out the program application as soon as possible. Remember, vouchers are available on a first-come, first-served basis. The longer you wait, the lower your chances are of getting a voucher. You also need to allow at least three week for application processing. When your application is approved, you can pay the other half of the fee not covered by the voucher and resister to take the test. GRE Fee Reduction Vouchers from National Programs There are some national programs within the U.S. that provide their members with GRE Fee Reduction vouchers. These programs typically work with underrepresented communities. If you are a member of a participating program, you may be able to get a voucher or a certificate without being unemployed or meeting the stringent aid-based requirements that come with the GRE Fee Reduction Program. Since voucher availability and qualification requirements can vary from program to program, youll need to talk directly to the program director or another representative to determine whether or not you are able to get a GRE Fee Reduction voucher. According to ETS, the following programs offer GRE Fee Reduction vouchers to their members: Gates Millennium Scholars ProgramNational Consortium for Graduate Degrees for Minorities in Engineering and Science Program (GEM)Maximizing Access to Research Careers (MARC) Undergraduate Student Training in Academic Research (U-STAR) ProgramPostbaccalaureate Research Education Program (PREP)Research Initiative for Scientific Enhancement (RISE) ProgramTRIO Ronald E. McNair Postbaccalaureate Achievement ProgramTRIO Student Support Services (SSS) ProgramGREÂ  Prepaid Voucher Service GRE Prepaid Voucher Service ETS also offers a GREÂ  Prepaid Voucher Service. The vouchers that are available through this service can be used by GRE test takers. However, the vouchers are not sold directly to individuals who are taking the GRE test. Instead, they are sold to institutions or organizations who want to pay some or all of the cost of the GRE for the test taker. ETS offers several prepaid voucher options to institutions or organizations. Some of them cover part of the test fees, while others cover the entire test fee. All of these voucher options must be used by the test taker within one year of the purchase date. Vouchers, including those that cover 100% of the test fee, do not cover additional fees such as scoring fees, test center fees, or other associated fees. The voucher cannot be turned in by the test taker for a refund. GRE Prep Book Promo Codes ETS does not typically offer GRE promo codes that can be used to cover the cost of the GRE. However, there are many different test prep companies that offer GRE promo codes that can be used on prep books, courses, and other materials. Before purchasing a test prep book, do a general Google search for GRE promo codes. While you most likely will not be able to get a discount on the test fee, you can help to offset the cost of the test overall by saving money on test prep tools.

Role of Barriers and Technology in Globalization Essay

Role of Barriers and Technology in Globalization - Essay Example The gradual reduction of these barriers has helped lead to the process of globalization by allowing for a more free flow goods & services across boundaries. However, according to Micklethwait and Wooldridge (2003) the reduction of barriers is not an easy process. Often times it requires the passing of serious legislation and laws over long periods of time. From this perspective one could argue that globalization does not occur in leaps and bounds, rather it is a slow and arduous process insofar as there is not one moment that could be pinpointed as the catalyst for globalization. Moreover, the process requires a great deal of goodwill from nations to help ensure that nations remain in good standing with each other, such as the U.S. passing of the Mashall plan to help build Europe as a strong trading partner. Another major contributing factor of globalization is the role of technology. Much like the reduction of trade barriers there is no one single source of technological innovation that is the sole contributor of globalization. Rather it is a series of several new technologies that contribute to globalization. One of the major new technologies is improved communication channels. By having access to telephones, fax machines, email, the internet, instant messaging, mobile telephone devices etc., there comes an increased transparency.

The effects of illegal immigration in Britain and France Research Paper

The effects of illegal immigration in Britain and France - Research Paper Example There dozens of nations across the globe, which are known to have millions of people who have entered to them illegally.1 Most potential immigrants believe that the costs or risks of migrating to a different country are lower while compared to chances of migrating to them successfully. As a result, they regard the issue of immigration as being a better option to them. The benefits that immigrants take into account target improvements in living standards and income as well as to gain future permits to reside in the country legally. This is especially in cases where immigrants are offered with a path to citizenship or neutralization. However, there are certain costs that are associated with restrictions that are imposed to illegal immigrants in the host county. Some of these include abandoning their families, and abandoning their ways of life, as well as chances of being detained, an event which may result to sanctions.2 This paper will discuss the history of illegal migration to Britain and France, economic and social implications, as well as public policy changes that the two countries practice in orde r to curb the issue of illegal immigration. Since the beginning of 1945, the number of illegal immigrants to the UK has been rising at a substantial pace. This is especially with respect to the case of Ireland among other British Empire territories and colonies such as Bangladesh, India, the Caribbean, Pakistan, Kenya, South Africa, and Hong Kong. Other known immigrants into the country are those who come seeking for Asylum, especially those who act as refugees and other residents of European Union. Approximately half of the rise in population from 1991 to 2001 was as a result of foreign immigration.3 Today, it is not an easy task to identify the number of people who are living in Britain with appropriate authorization. In 2001, the Home Office undertook a census whereby it identified the

Presented in Romeo and Juliet Essay Example for Free

Presented in Romeo and Juliet Essay During the Play of Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare portrays a very strong relationship between Juliet and her father, Lord Capulet. His initial attitude shows him as a caring, protective father who wants what is best for his daughter. This caring manner continues until Scene 5 of Act 3, in which Juliet defies her father, who wishes for her to marry the County Paris. This scene acts as a turning point in the play; Lord Capulet is now shown as a malevolent father who has his own intentions for his daughters future. However, when Juliet returns apologetically to her father, and agrees to marry Paris, he once again returns to being the loving and caring father we initially identified. Lord Capulets initial attitude to his daughter was generally kind and compassionate. He calls her his hopeful lady of my earth which implies that he expects her to do well for herself. We see him as a typical father late in the 16th Century. It was commonplace for fathers to be in charge of who their daughter married, and Lord Capulet decided that Paris, a handsome, wealthy kinsman to the prince, would be able to provide for his daughters future.  Lord Capulet is very protective over Juliet, he does not think she is ripe to be a bride because she is yet a stranger to the world and hath not seen the change of fourteen years. This prominently reminds us of both Lord Capulets protectiveness, and the ongoing theme of youth and age throughout the play. The point at which Lord Capulet ceases from acting behind the caring faà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ade come in Scene 5 of Act 3 in the play. Juliet refuses to marry Paris when her mother tells her that they have arranged her marriage. Juliet, who is secretly already married to Romeo, cannot go ahead with the marriage to Paris, and she tells her mother that she is not ready to be married so soon after Tybalts death. Although upset, her mother does not overreact to this situation, and it is only when her father enters that the situation becomes overwhelming. He shouts at her, is unpleasant towards her, and threatens to disown her if she does not do as he says. Lady Capulet is then drawn into more of a quarrelsome situation with her daughter, her line Fie, fie! what, are you mad? could be interpreted either as directed towards her husband or Juliet. It would seem that it was towards her husband as later in the scene she says to Lord Capulet You are too hot, which indicates that he is becoming too aggressive and malicious to his own daughter. This would suggest that Lord Capulet has a very influential personality, and he is able to get other people to do what he wants them to because of his authority, and their fear of what he will say if they, like Juliet did, refuse to co-operate.  Lord Capulets view of a daughter is that they are almost like property, who should be married to a handsome and wealthy gentleman when they are old enough to take on this responsibility. It was usual for this to happen, and so was not treated with the same scepticism as today. In one of Paris meetings with Lord Capulet he tells him that younger than she are happy mothers made. This implies that girls who are younger than Juliet are not only already married, but mothers as well. Even when her own mother asks her about marriage, she says it is an honour I dream not of, suggesting she does not feel ready for marriage, even when her mother reminds us that younger than you are already made mothers. Generally, Lord Capulet does care for his daughter, but does not respect her wishes and opinions as we would expect in todays modern society. Capulets anger at Juliets defiance was the first point when we saw another side to him. He returns to being the gentle father only when Juliet comes to apologise to him. She tells him she has been at confession and has come to accept the offer of marriage from Paris. Her father then becomes the agreeable jovial character we first knew. His angry personality is only evident if things are not going in according with his plans, or Juliet is disobedient to him; he is almost like a spoilt child who does not like it when he does not get what he wants. When Juliet appears to be dead in Scene 5 of Act 4, Capulet seems to be devastated. He states that death lies on her like an untimely frost which to all the other people on stage is accepted as a genuine comment from a grieving father. Alternatively, this could have been interpreted as another selfish comment; the use of the word untimely emphasising the inconvenience of it to his plans. Capulet is once again being slightly selfish, he feels as though he has lost a daughter, rather than his daughter has lost her life, and he is worrying about how it will affect him instead of grieving for her. At the end of the play when Friar Lawrence Tells everyone the truth about the events through the play, I think Lord Capulet realises how narrow-minded he has been. He recognises that he has not treated his daughter with the respect she needed, and is aware that she had to marry Romeo secretly because he would never have agreed to it.  It is this recognition of the error of his ways that leaves the audience feeling that Lord Capulet is a good father. He acts upon what he has learnt straight away by calling Lord Montague his brother, and asking him to give me thy hand to help them reach a better understanding. Behind Lord Capulets capricious faade, we see a father who cares for his daughter, but does not always know how to show it. His unpredictable nature was due to this, and it is not until the end of the play when the true Lord Capulet is revealed. He shows remorse towards the death of his daughter and Romeo also, and looks towards the Montagues to help each other in grieving for their children by settling the dispute between the families.  Overall, Capulet is a good father to Juliet, but his influential position makes him feel under constant pressure to do what is right; both for his daughter and his image to the rest of the Capulets.

Essay About Family: My Fathers Illness :: Family Relationships Sickness Papers

My Father's Illness As a child, life was great for me. I spent my days being a hyperactive boy, running around and causing general chaos on my two sisters, Kelly and Libby. The world I lived in was a stress free world, I had not had many difficult experiences growing up. Life was beautiful for me, until a tragedy struck my family. My life got stressful on first day of second grade. I remember getting off the bus, eager to tell my parents all about what it felt like to be in second grade. As I walked in the door, I could feel that something was wrong. It was something in the air, a depressing mood. Instead of being greeted by a house of warm response, it was silent. I shouted for my parents and searched around, finally finding them in their bedroom. As I walked in to their bedroom, I found my mother sitting on the bed, weeping quietly, while my father lay on the bed in a near unconscious state. This sight shocked me, I had seen my father sick before, but by the reaction of my mother and the deathly look on my father’s face I knew that something was seriously wrong. My father's eyes opened, and he called out for my sister Kelly and I to come to him. In a very serious and sad voice, he told us that he was very sick, and he was going to the Fort Wayne hospital. My mother told Kelly and I to help her pack some things for him, because he was going to be leaving soon. We helped her pack, keeping quiet because we did not want to interrupt the silence that had taken over the room. A family friend, Rose Widmer, came over as my mom and dad were getting ready to leave. She would be staying with us because it looked like they would not be coming home that night. As Kelly and I were eating our supper, my mom came into the kitchen and sat down beside me. She explained to us that our dad was very sick, and that he was having trouble with his brain. She used the term "brain abscess." She said that this is what the doctors speculated was wrong with him, but they needed to go to Fort Wayne to take precautions. Essay About Family: My Father's Illness :: Family Relationships Sickness Papers My Father's Illness As a child, life was great for me. I spent my days being a hyperactive boy, running around and causing general chaos on my two sisters, Kelly and Libby. The world I lived in was a stress free world, I had not had many difficult experiences growing up. Life was beautiful for me, until a tragedy struck my family. My life got stressful on first day of second grade. I remember getting off the bus, eager to tell my parents all about what it felt like to be in second grade. As I walked in the door, I could feel that something was wrong. It was something in the air, a depressing mood. Instead of being greeted by a house of warm response, it was silent. I shouted for my parents and searched around, finally finding them in their bedroom. As I walked in to their bedroom, I found my mother sitting on the bed, weeping quietly, while my father lay on the bed in a near unconscious state. This sight shocked me, I had seen my father sick before, but by the reaction of my mother and the deathly look on my father’s face I knew that something was seriously wrong. My father's eyes opened, and he called out for my sister Kelly and I to come to him. In a very serious and sad voice, he told us that he was very sick, and he was going to the Fort Wayne hospital. My mother told Kelly and I to help her pack some things for him, because he was going to be leaving soon. We helped her pack, keeping quiet because we did not want to interrupt the silence that had taken over the room. A family friend, Rose Widmer, came over as my mom and dad were getting ready to leave. She would be staying with us because it looked like they would not be coming home that night. As Kelly and I were eating our supper, my mom came into the kitchen and sat down beside me. She explained to us that our dad was very sick, and that he was having trouble with his brain. She used the term "brain abscess." She said that this is what the doctors speculated was wrong with him, but they needed to go to Fort Wayne to take precautions.

Five Forces Analysis: Adidas

Five Forces Analysis Intensity of Competitive Rivalry There are several firms fiercely competing Adidas for more market share, including Nike, Puma, Reebok and Umbro to name a few. Adidas must ensure that their goods are of a high quality and at a reasonable price in order to keep their market share in this industry. Intensity in this industry is high as there are a large number of organisations with similar products all trying to gain market share. Threat of Entry to the Industry by New CompetitorsThere isn’t very much of a threat of new competitors to Adidas as there are high barriers of entry to this industry, such as, high set up costs, economies of scale, legal barriers, marketing barrier and control over raw materials. This means that not many new organisations could break into this industry, as it would be very expensive to start up and run a company that could be a threat to a major brand such as Adidas. Also, Research and Development costs are to be considered, as the y would be extremely high due to the organisation not having any previous knowledge about the industry or about designing and producing the goods.Another point why it is highly unlikely that a new organisation could enter the industry and compete with Adidas is they will either have to pay out loads of money on factories and machinery for producing their goods, which could backfire if they were not to succeed, or they could try to compete without a factory or machinery for production, this wouldn’t work as the new organisation wouldn’t be able to produce enough products to compete with any leading brands such as Adidas, Nike, Puma, Reebok etc.Threat from Substitute Products or Services There is a threat to Adidas from other manufacturers’ products as there are many companies that produce football boots. However, Adidas produce football boots that have unique features, such as the rubber pads on the boots. Therefore, as Adidas’s products are unique they ha ve an edge over their competitors as non of their products have rubber pads on their boots. This will help Adidas to sell more products and ultimately put the other organisations out of business.Also, substitutes for football boots could also include footwear and sports clothes for other sports as people could take up new sports. Power of Suppliers Adidas raw materials to make football boots are not supplied by a monopoly. This gives Adidas more power to dictate the price at which they buy their raw materials, as there are a large number of competitive suppliers. Power of Buyers Adidas’s products are mainly sold in bulk to major sports outlets such as JJB Sports, JD Sports and Sports Soccer.Also, large amounts of products are sold in bulk to online stores such as Pro Direct Soccer and Sports Shoes. As Adidas rely quite heavily o these buyers they have to sell their products at relatively low prices. However, there are a small amount of customers who buy products directly from Adidas, when Adidas sell their products to one off customers they can dictate the price as Adidas don’t rely on making these sales.

Heritage Countee Cullen Essay

â€Å"What is Africa to me?† (Cullen, Line 10). Heritage is an African American poem by Countee Cullen that was written during the Harlem Renaissance. Cullen was born in a primarily white upbringing; therefore he had no experience in African culture or heritage and was confused. His African heritage concerns him; yet, because he must adapt to the orders of a mostly white culture that is not concerned with his cultural origins. This poem is primarily the internal conflict of Countee Cullen on the dilemma of a modern African American aware of his rich Native African heritage but stranded in a sterile conformist American culture that offer him only stereotypical insight into his heritage and no true unbiased perception of his own culture. In Heritage Cullen uses literary devices such as imagery, symbolism and irony to show that he is conflicted on his view of his African heritage. Cullen uses imagery as a literary device to show his confusion of African heritage. Thus Cullen begi ns with a question concerning the nature of an abstract and rather remote Africa. â€Å"What is Africa to me, copper sun or scarlet sea, jungle star or jungle track, strong bronzed men, or regal black, women from whose loins I sprang, when the birds of Eden sang† (Cullen, Lines 1-6). This quote shows how Cullen lists some concrete images which serve as specific emphases for his conflicting views of his native land. This shows an African Americans point of view of Africa. For example in the phrase â€Å"jungle star or jungle track†; the first part â€Å"jungle star† has a positive connotation and the second part â€Å"jungle track† has a negative connotation. In a way the positive connotations represent African perspective and the negative connotations represent African perspective. â€Å"Sung by wild barbaric birds, Goading massive jungle herds, Juggernauts of flesh that pass, Trampling tall defiant grass, Where young forest lovers lie, Plighting troth beneath the sky† (Cullen, Lines 13-17). In contrast to the first quotes the second imagery quote shows a purely American perspective of Africa. This quote shows the constant stereotypical view of Africa that Cullen was fed for his whole childhood.  This quote compared to the first show s that Africa was a wild barbaric place. These two perspectives really confused him. Not only does Cullen use imagery as a literary device to show his confusion on his heritage but he also uses symbolism as a literary device that show this too. Cullen furthermore uses a symbolism of the drum to show that even if he tries he cannot block out his heritage. â€Å"So I lie, who always hear, though I cram against my ear, both my thumbs, and keep them there, great drums throbbing through the air† (Cullen, Lines 19-22). This quote shows that he is trying to block out his heritage. Despite this effort he still hears the drum which symbolizes tribal beats from Africa. This shows that American culture has forced Cullen to deny the primitive African rhythms that pulses through his body. â€Å"Who find no peace, night or day, no slight release, from the unremittent beat, made by cruel padded feet, walking through my body’s street† (Cullen, Lines 64-68). In this quote reassures the point that he feels this tribal beat no matter what he does or what his condition he feels the beat within his blood and bones that he cannot get rid of. Not only does the author use symbolism as a literary device to illustrate his dilemma on his heritage but he also uses irony as another tool to show it. Finally Cullen uses irony to show that he still has not come to term about what his true heritage really is. â€Å"I belong to Jesus Christ†¦ although I speak with my mouth thus, in my heart, do I play a double part, ever at thy glowing altar, must my heart grow sick and falter, wishing he I served were black† (Cullen, Lines 96-101). This quote show irony because he states that he belongs to Christ, but later on he states that truly in his heart he wishes his god was black like him. This show that even if he thinks that he has decided which side to choose he still has not truly done so. â€Å"Nor yet has my heart or head, in the least way realized, they and I are civilized† (Cullen, Lines 126-128). This quote shows that he still has not decided yet; but he still ironically he still says â€Å"they and I are civilized†. This is ironic because the line before â€Å"Nor yet has my heart or head, in the least way realized† contradicts this statement. In this African American poem to show that he is conflicted on his view of his African heritage, Cullen uses literary devices such as imagery,  symbolism and irony. The circumstances he grew up with did not show him the perspective of his people; he was constantly give only the American point of view of Africa. This gave him a great internal dilemma of his own heritage because in his blood he had pride. At the end of this poem he is still conflicted about what his stance truly is. The lesson of this poem is that despite where you live and what biased information you are given you can never forget your roots. Work Cited Cullen, Countee. â€Å"Heritage.† The Poetry Foundation : Find Poems and Poets. Discover Poetry. The Poetry Foundation, n.d. Web. 4 Nov. 2014.

African Elephant essays

African Elephant essays The common name is the African Elephant, the scientific name is Loxodonta Africana, the phylum is Vertebrata, the class is Mammalia, the order is Proboscidea, and the family is Elephantidae. The Closest Relatives to the African Elephant are: the Asian Elephant, mammoths, primitive proboscidean (mastodons), sea cows, and hyraxes. Scientists believe that the African Elephant evolved from one of its closest The geographical location and range of the African elephant covers all of central and southern Africa. In Ethiopia there are isolated populations that exist around Lake Chad in Mali and Mauritania. Also in Kenya, Rhodesia, Tanzania, Zambia, Uganda, Zaire, and in National parks located in South Africa, as well as several other countries. African Elephants, originally, were found in all of the Sub-Saharan African habitats except desert steppes. Elephants still occupy diverse habitats such as: temperate grassland, tropical savanna and grass lands, temperate forest and rainforest, tropical rainforest, tropical scrub forest, and tropical deciduous forest despite their drastic decline in numbers. However, their migratory patterns and habitat use have changed, due to the fact that they are restricted to protected areas. The elephant can exist in many types of environments but it prefers places that have many trees and bushes, which the elephant needs both for food and shade. They also like warm areas that have plenty of rainfall. This ensures plenty of food, shade, and water. The elephant prefers a habitat of mixed woodland and grassland which gives them an opportunity to eat a variety of vegetation. African Elephants are considered herbivores, they are both browsers and grazers; they will eat rough sticks, stems and leaves of plants as well as grasses, sedges, and fruit. Their favorites are mangoes, berries and coconuts. An elephant eats up to 500 pounds of vegetation every day ...

Definition and Discussion of Feminist Rhetoric

Definition and Discussion of Feminist Rhetoric Feminist rhetoric is the study and practice of feminist discourses in public and private life. In content, says Karlyn Kohrs Campbell*, feminist rhetoric drew its premises from a radical analysis of patriarchy, which identified the man-made world as one built on the oppression of women...In addition, it incorporates a style of communication known as consciousness-raising (Encyclopedia of Rhetoric and Composition, 1996). See Examples and Observations below. Also, the following readings provide examples and related concepts: Seneca Falls ResolutionsLanguage and Gender StudiesSusan B. Anthony and the struggle for womens right to voteRogerian Argument Examples and Observations The following examples and observations consider feminist rhetoric through different lenses, offering more contexts for understanding. Evolution of Feminist Rhetoric In the 1980s, feminist rhetoric scholars began making three moves: writing women into the history of rhetoric, writing feminist issues into theories of rhetoric, and writing feminist perspectives into rhetorical criticism. Initially, these scholars drew on feminist scholarship from other disciplines...Once inspired, however, feminist rhetoric scholars began writing scholarship from the site of rhetoric and composition... In the midst of this scholarly activity, intersections of rhetoric and feminist studies have been institutionalized within rhetoric and composition studies, thanks largely to the work of the Coalition of Women Scholars in the History of Rhetoric and Composition, which was organized by Winifred Horner, Jan Swearingen, Nan Johnson, Marjorie Curry Woods, and Kathleen Welch in 1988-1989 and was carried on by scholars such as Andrea Lunsford, Jackie Royster, Cheryl Glenn, and Shirley Logan. In 1996, the first edition of the coalitions newsletter, Peitho, was published by [Susan] Jarratt. Source: Krista Ratcliffe, The Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries. The Present State of Scholarship in the History of Rhetoric: A Twenty-First Century Guide, ed. by Lynà ©e Lewis Gaillet with Winifred Bryan Horner. University of Missouri Press, 2010 Rereading the Sophists We see a more community-based social version of feminist ethics in Susan Jarratts Rereading the Sophists. Jarratt views sophistic rhetoric as a feminist rhetoric and one with significant ethical implications. The sophists believed that law and truth derived from nomoi, local habits or customs that could change from city to city, region to region. The philosophers in the Platonic tradition, of course, challenged this sort of relativism, insisting on the ideal of Truth (logos, universal laws that would be acommunal). Source: James E. Porter, Rhetorical Ethics and Internetworked Writing. Ablex, 1998 Reopening the Rhetorical Canon The feminist rhetorical canon has been guided by two primary methodologies. One is feminist rhetorical recovery of previously ignored or unknown women rhetors. The other is theorizing of womens rhetorics, or what some have called gendered analysis, which involve developing a rhetorical concept or approach that accounts for rhetors who are excluded from traditional rhetoric. Source: K.J. Rawson, Queering Feminist Rhetorical Canonization. Rhetorica in Motion: Feminist Rhetorical Methods Methodologies, ed. by Eileen E. Schell and K.J. Rawson. University of Pittsburgh Press, 2010 [F]eminist rhetoric frequently occurs away from the platforms and statehouses of government. Feminist scholarship in rhetorical studies, as Bonnie Dow reminds us, must turn its attention to the variety of contexts in which feminist struggle occurs. Source: Anne Teresa Demo, The Guerrilla Girls Comic Politics of Subversion. Visual Rhetoric: A Reader in Communication and American Culture, ed. by Lester C. Olson, Cara A. Finnegan, and Diane S. Hope. Sage, 2008 A Feminist Rhetoric of Motives A feminist rhetoric of motives can recover the voices and philosophies of women in classical antiquity by restoring to feminine traits and voices the honor of a tradition (see [Marilyn] Skinner) and by granting them the human quality of agency (see, e.g., [Judith] Hughes). [James L.] Kinneavy wants to recover the positive aspects of persuasion under the heading of the audiences volition, free will, and assent, and is successful in this enterprise by borrowing for pisteuein [belief] elements gleaned from scanning forward into Christian pistis. The feminine aspects of persuading that have been denigrated as seduction can be similarly rescued through an examination of the close ties among emotion, love, adhesion, and persuasion in the pre-Socratic lexicon. Source: C. Jan Swearingen, Pistis, Expression, and Belief. A Rhetoric of Doing: Essays on Written Discourse in Honor of James L. Kinneavy, ed. by Stephen P. Witte, Neil Nakadate, and Roger D. Cherry. Southern Illinois University Press, 1992

Causes of road rage Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Causes of road rage - Research Paper Example Road rage, aggressive behavior with the spouse etc are considered to be common instances related to this disorder. Standing (2007) also discussed the relation of this order with road rage. Road rage is one of the most common types of abusive behaviors that are experienced by people in their daily lives. Standing (2007) quoted a research in which the results concluded alarming figures; road rage causes hundreds of thousands of deaths every year and causes damage worth billions of dollars around the world. Leger Marketing (2001) also provided useful figures and stated that almost 20.4 % of the entire adult population in Canada has been known to be affected by different types of road rage incidents in the year 2001. This research also highlighted an interesting comparison regarding the number of males that are engaged in road rage incidents as compared to the female population; 23.2% men are known to be involved in road rage incidents as compared to 17.7% women. These are some of the common instances that are faced by individuals on the road and causes road rage. James and Nahl (2000) explained that even calm individuals tend to experience road rage since driving usually proves to become a stressful endeavor in the presence of various disturbing aspects. They enlisted around 15 factors that cause stress while driving, for example, traffic jam, noise pollution, changing temperatures, immobility etc. These factors cause stress among drivers and leads to lack of patience and tolerance when some unreasonable incident takes place on the road. Road rage is often taken as an excuse for a happening in someone’s life, for example, family trauma, running late for an appointment, alcoholism etc. Aggression and abusive behavior on the road should never be justified by any circumstances in one’s life since it is considered unethical under all conditions. Traffic rules should be followed religiously while driving since many

B2B Marketing Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

B2B Marketing Strategy - Essay Example Also, there should be a target of assigning the necessary resources to the segments that are being profitable. This strategy might not be immediately very profitable, as there will probably be some more inherent costs, even though some profit is expected, which will help in the company's actual financial situation. It is essential to start thinking about producing and marketing new products with the same characteristics which the actual consumers need. The products that the customers want to be on the market should be concentrated on, rather than continuing to offer the same customized products. I have learned from this simulation that in order to create demand, there has to be adequate investment in hiring of sales offices, web centers, customer service, promotions and advertising. I feel that for better profitability, there must be good relations with suppliers and customers. "Effective change requires reinforcing new behaviors, attitudes and organizational practices" (Kreitner & Kinicki, 2004). Also, having the right products, in the exact moment seems to require quite some time, and I think this is another important issue to be considered. When an organisation has produced the right product or services, they would want to deliver it according to current products and happenings in the actual market, and also according to what the competition is doing. I think it is important for the company to examine what the priorities are, and to review the currently established brand service prices. Effectiveness of Strategy According to Kreitner and Kinicki, there are three stages in this strategy or model of planned change, and this strategy is instrumental in initiating, managing and stabilizing the change process. The three stages of planned change are unfreezing, changing, and refreezing. Unfreezing focuses on creating the motivation to change, changing focuses on providing employees with new information, behavioral models and new ways of looking at things. Refreezing is the final stage used to help employees integrate the changed behavior into the every day process of doing business. Once employees are provided the opportunity to exhibit the new behavior, positive reinforcement is needed to reinforce the desire change (Kreitner & Kinicki, 2004) Works cited Kreitner, R., Kinicki, A. (2003). Organizational behavior 6e. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies. Retrieved February 12, 2007 from University of PhoenixResource, MBA520 Resource optimization website http://forio.com/pdasim.htm

EVA Calculation and comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

EVA Calculation and comparison - Essay Example The chart below indicates that Walgreens EVA scores have been on the rise in the past three years. CVS' EVA scores have been falling and indicate that CVS needs to examine its resource utilization methods and decide what to do turn its scores around. The goal of any organization is to lower its costs while increasing profitability. There are many methods organizations can use. In the three year window examined (2004, 2005, 2006). Initially Walgreens' total assets were slightly higher than CVS'. Then CVSs were reported as slightly higher than Walgreens. Walgreens consistently outspends CVS for cost of goods sold. The higher the cost of goods sold the lower the profits. But, Walgreens consistently reports 10% on ROA (return on assets). CVS reports between 6.3% and 8% ROA. Walgreens has a bigger share of the market and consistently outperforms CVS. But, the difference is not so big that n any one year CVS could come out on top. The current earnings are so close that a good year could put CVS ahead. Both pharmacies could benefit from strategies to differentiate them in the market and draw in a greater share of the market in pharmacy sales. Walgreens has begun doing so by advertising itself as "your pharmacy" and "there's my pharmacy next to work""there's my pharmacy close to home"(TV commercials). .. Sales $37,006,200 Cash $513,400 N/P $774,200 COGS $27,105,000 A/R $2,080,700 A/P $3,988,900 Gross $9,901,200 Inventory $5,719,800 Accrd Exp $59,500 Prepaids $78,800 SG&A $7,881,700 TTL Cur $8,392,700 TTL Cur $4,822,600 EBIT $2,019,500 PP&E $3,952,600 LTD $1,594,100 Interest $110,500 GoodWill $1,789,900 TTL Liabilities $6,416,700 EBT $1,909,000 intangible $802,200 Other Assets $223,500 Equity $535,500 33.96% Tax $648,300 LTA Charges $122,500 EAT $1,260,700 TTL Assets $15,283,400 TTL Liab & Equity $6,952,200 ROA 8.20% ROE 235.40% Debt $2,368,300 0.8200 0.01 0.82% equity $535,500 0.1800 1.4894 26.81% $2,903,800 27.63% 18.25% EVA -10.05% Table 2 Table 3 31-Dec-03 Assets Liabilities & Equity Sales $26,588,000 Cash $843,200 N/P $3,166,000 COGS $26,588,000 A/R $1,601,700 A/P 0 Gross $26,588,000 Inventory $4,016,500 Accrd Exp $323,200 Prepaids $35,100 SG&A $5,439,400 TTL Cur $6,496,500 TTL Cur $3,489,200 EBIT $1,423,600 PP&E $2,542,100 LTD $1,032,100 Interest $48,100 GoodWill $889,000 TTL Liabilities $4,521,300 EBT $1,375,500 Intangible $403,700 Other Assets $211,800 Equity $207,800 38.40% Tax $528,200 LTA Charges 0 EAT $847,300 TTL Assets $10,543,100 TTL Liab & Equity $4,729,100 ROA 8.00% ROE 407.70% Debt $4,198,100 0.9500 0.010639 1.01% equity $207,800 0.0500 0.3538 1.77% $4,405,900 2.78% 1.71% EVA 6.29% Works Cited: Ecoach. EVA. Retrieved 2007-02-09

Leadership theories and models

Leadership theories and models Task 1: Definition of leadership: Leadership can be defined through different ways. But in simple, leadership is the process of motivating or influencing the group of people to do something or doing their work more effectively and efficiently. To be a leader, a person must have the ability to motivate or influence other people. In fact, leaders and followers use the leadership as a process of motivating and influencing others for gaining the objectives of an organization. There exist more similarities between leadership and management in different sector such as: motivating or influencing people and these are done both by manager and also leader. The process of leadership and management are done with the people. The main purpose of leadership and management is to accomplish the goal effectively. There are many activities of management which are similar with the function of leadership. But some dissimilarity is existed between leadership and management. A manager of British Airways should have the ability to lead to other that means he should has the skill of leadership because as a manager he plays the role of managerial and also leader. But the leader doesnt need to play the role of manager. Leadership theories and models: There are lots of theories regarding the leadership. Such as: trait theories, contingency theory, behavioural theory, participative theory, situational theories. These theories are described below: Behavioural approach: In case of behavioural leadership, the Ohio State Studies uses the questionnaire on leadership behaviour and conduct a sample survey through this questionnaire on different school, manufacturing companies or leaders of students. After completing the survey, the studies of Ohio State get the two different views of leadership which identifies the roles and responsibilities of leaders. These two aspects are: the leadership behaviour which is task oriented and another one is consideration. First one that is task oriented behaviour mainly consist the activities of directing, monitoring and designing the employees work and the consideration implies the leaders behaviour or concern towards their welfare, help them and monitoring their task accomplishment. http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Int-Loc/Leadership-Theories-and-Studies.html There is another study which is done on leadership behaviour that is Michigan study. This study mainly focuses on the methods and processes of leadership which is indicated to the subordinates performance and their satisfaction to the job. Simply, it can be said that this study is related to the productivity and the employee. (http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Int-Loc/Leadership-Theories-and-Studies.html) Contingency approach: Contingency approach is also called situational approach. This approach is also concentrated on the team work and indicated to the activities of the leader to motivate his subordinates to work as a group and this group work or the leaders orientation on this is more effective. Contingency theories include Path goal, situational theory etc. and also the contingency theory of Fiedler. According to Fiedler contingency theory, the role of leader should be task- oriented in both the situation of favorable or unfavorable. But this theory was not clearly defined about the style of leadership. Path goal theory indicated to the performance of subordinate that is their experience, performance, their skills and ability etc. and to the working environment which is related to style of group work, authority system, quality of task etc. Impact of leadership styles: Two different styles of leadership: There are various styles of leadership which are used in different situations within the organization and the examples of these styles of leadership are: autocratic leadership, bureaucratic leadership, charismatic, democratic or participative, laissez faire, task oriented and transactional leadership etc. Among these forms of leadership styles, here I make comparison among the autocratic and democratic leadership. 1. Autocratic leadership: Transactional leadership with an extreme form is considered as the autocratic leadership where absolute power has been contained by the leaders to direct their worker or subordinates or team. Little opportunities are getting by the members of staff and team in order to suggestion making which is related with the best interest of the team or organization. It has been intended by many people to treat in this way of liking by them. Hence, the situations of high level absenteeism and the turnover of staff within the organization are leaded by the autocratic leadership. Therefore, effectiveness of this style of leadership is shown on the job of routine and unskilled work, the reason of which is that disadvantages can be outweighing by the control advantages. 2. Democratic leadership: Though, final decisions are made by the democratic leaders where other team members are invited by them to make contribution towards the process of decision making. Job satisfaction is not merely increasing by this through the involvement of the members of team, but it also provides support to skills development of the people. The team members can control their destiny by themselves through which they get motivation for working hard by getting the financial reward. The reason of which is time is needed to make participation of the members of team and may be more time is needed but the better result can be come. The situation on when this approach is used, in the time of working on a team as required and when quality gets more priority rather than the market speed or the productivity of the workers. Leadership Qualities: Leadership skill is considered as the managerial skill which is used for the purpose of motivating the peoples of the group in order to achieve the common goal. In this competitive market, it is very much needed to contain the skill of leadership by the manager through which he or she can lead the organization effectively and efficiently. Leadership is mainly related with the capacity where leader contains the capacity to listen others opinion and observe the activities of employees. Not only is this, in the decision making areas, the skills very much needed for the manager of an organization. One more thing is that if the employees are not motivated to do their works then the business cant be run and the manager with leadership skill can be greatly motivated to the employees of their works and try to give their best. 1. Forecasting and planning: the leader should have clear vision in relation to the forecasting and make planning within the organization from the perspective of SMART objectives of achievable, measurable, specific, realistic, and time boundary. 2. Organizing: leader should make the structure of the plan several parts are made for the specific task so that it can be easily get understand by the employees and as well as can be easily accomplished leader should determine the resources such as: the resources of human, monetary, technology and materials make sure about the work of sensitivity and job security of the employees 3. Command manager should have to distribute the task among the employees manager should maintain the level of hierarchy within the organization and as well as reported this controlling activities are taking by the manager for the purpose of leading the work force 4. Co-ordination manager should unified and harmonised the activities of the organization and as well as organized these activities the manager supervise the activities of the organization as coordinated and the activities and efforts are also harmonised and unified by the manager manager should also provide the support to the organization and as well as the employees of the organization to do their job and motivate them lead the organization and along with motivate the subordinates to give their best efforts on their job Task 2: For the purpose of describing the companies present status on the current condition of economy, after that, the significant changes which have been occurred since from the last five years within these organizations and positive or negative effect of the changes on these organizations, it should be needed to analyse the internal and external factors of the organizational changes where all these subject matter are explained. Internal factors: 1. Technology infrastructure: In order to exchanging the information, facilitating the system of communication and operating the business, internet plays the significant roles which can be included on current infrastructure of technology. British Airways, on this organization, rapid changes are happened on the technological sectors and as well more knowledge is demanded for ensuring effective management system within these organizations for the purpose of resources managing and along with developing these resources where competitive advantage is also maintained by the organization. 2. Change in leadership: Services are restructuring by these organizations such as: British Airways for the purpose of fulfilling the customer demand. It seems to be very difficult to spend money by the organization for solving each and every problem and this matter is well known the top leader of the organizations. In relation to solve the problem, workers of highly committed and flexible are needed within the organization. For make adjustment with the recent changes of the organization, great support can be getting from the leader in order to change the attitude of the employees for the purpose of accepting or welcoming the new changes. 3.Change in Employees Morale and Motivation: Employees morale and motivation are affected by making changes on leadership policies and practices in British Airways. It may also affect the productivity, production and profits of these organizations. External factors: For the purpose becoming successful in the current condition of the world, the organizations also should focus on the external environmental factors, along with the considerations are given toward the internal environment by the organizations. Resources and employees are included on the internal factors where external factors consist of political, economical, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors. Through describing these factors, it can be found out about the current conditions of the organization and the positive and negative effect of changes on the organizations. Political factors: In modern organizations such as: British Airways, there has the significant affects of the global politics. The activities of global politics for example: the incident of 9/11, Soviet Union collapse, Germanys reunification, WTO policies, have significant effect on the British Airwayss business operation and the results of which may impede the development of the organization. Economic factor: British Airways, this organization handle the scarce resource allocation which is related with the economic system. The economic progress of the country is done by leaps and bounds as the phase of progress. In the flourishing stage of economy rising level of peoples standard of living may result to grow the business of British Airways. Social factor: Inspiration, outlook and activity are considered as the foundation of the progress of the society in relation to the human affairs. Therefore, customer actions which are related with the approach and activities of them keep contribution on affecting the business of British Airways. There are some factors for example: level of maturity, vocation type and along with activities of sparing time and these factors are considered as the basis of bringing changes on the attitude and approach of the customer which results the changes of growing the business of British Airways. Technological factors: Tremendous effect is brought by the technological factors in order to the operation of the business development of British Airways and their status and as well as their program of marketing. These incidences are directed towards the rapid movement of the new trends generation and if the organizations dont know about these rapid movements of new trends then the growth and development of the business operation of the organization may impede. In British Airways, world class bid of this organization, management with cutting edge in order to the program of ethical auditing, a deal is signed by this organization with the management system of BSI in relation to the entropy software provision. Environmental factors: Natural gifts are included on the factors of environment which keep contribution on the change management of an organization where lands, water, air all are comprised. In fact, the movement of cost efficiency of British Airways result turned out the production progress of British Airways in order to affiliation alert where it has been showed that for the purpose of ensuring more earning, the organizations should also think about the environmental factors. Legal factor: Legal system is consisting of the rules and regulations which are considered as the framework on the basis of which the business of British Airways operate. The activities of promotion keep contribution towards the development of the nations administration policies for example: natural environment can be polluted through ventures put off by others. Task 3: Change management is considered as the approach of structuring and strategy in order to initiating and managing the process of change at the structure and culture of organization along with the behaviour and attitude of individuals or team to the transition of change at the business process field, implementation of technology, or the organizational policies. There has been shown the dramatically increment of the pace of change. The feature of operating environment is high dynamism and ever more complex as faced by the business and managers. At the todays market place, for the purpose of continuing the success and competent the leadership of change, change is going to make necessary requirement where it is mostly related with the executive leadership skill. The organizational environment within which the operation of the organization is conducted now becoming complex, turbulent and not certain. Therefore, the application of the proper form of changes in the requirement of the environm ental challenges is applied for the long term sustainability of organizations. It also consists of the shifting of the organizations perceptions and beliefs in relation to the employees, customers, competitors and products Managing change is an important requirement for the success of strategy implementation that is also stated by Al-Abri (2007) who says that managing change controls the changes by plan, evaluation and implementation to make the changes worthy and relevant. But Dowson and Andriopoulos (2009) completely disagree with them because they say that managing change is the moving of new technologies and techniques to develop products and services so that organizations can compete in the market. Sengupta et al (2006) covers most of all issues of managing change and they more or less agree with all except Dowson and Andriopoulos because they establish managing change is as a set of factors like psychological, social, personal and demographic that introduces resists, modifies, alters and accepts the changes gradually. Task 4: Change management has consisted a goal which is related with the aspect of human to overcome the change resistance for the member of organization to buy into change and achieve the goal of British Airways of the transformation as orderly and effectiveness. The change management of the British Airways is considered as the both process and tools which are used by the management in order to making changes at the level of organization. It has been expected by most organization to implement the change along with the least resistance and also the most buy- in. For the purpose of occurring this, structured approach is used to implement change so that smooth operation of the transition from the behaviour of one type to other organization widely. Through following ways, the issues of change management can be dealt: At majority of the cases, the first responsibility of the management of British Airways is to processes or behavior identifying which is not proficient and coming up with new behaviors, processes, etc which are considered as more effective inside the organization. there has been occurred the identification of one changes, it is required for the manager to impact estimating which they should determine for the organization and the employee as individual at many levels such as: technology, employee behavior, work processes, etc. The main job of the management of British Airways is to provide supports to the workers of the organization by the changing process which is seemed to be very difficult. In addition, hard work is needed to adopt by the each and every individual and the whole organization in order to making modifications of necessary behavior. Task 5: The imposing or enforcing effective change is seemed to be impossible and very difficult. Unexpected results, inertia or best compliance as reluctant are leaded by the entire approach of top- down. Parish et al (2008) conducted the research which focuses towards the change antecedents for example: matching with vision, relationship quality of employee and manager, motivation to do the job, autonomy role, change commitment is influenced by all. Implementation success and improved performance have the great impact on the significant affective commitment in British Airways. At functional change in British Airways, training and development is considered as the significant part of it. The significance of it may identified in terms of new skills, attitudes and behaviors as required but it has also the aim of giving staff understanding and empowering them to increase confidence of them by pursuing continuous improvement (Burnes, 2004, and Kotter, 1996). There is needed to establish the comprehensive program of training along with the placing of the system for evaluation and feedback. Therefore, training resistance and common problems for example: inability of transferring new skills of the workplace; is discussed by Rusaw (2000), which stemmed from the struggle among the domination and efforts of the organization to employee emancipation.

Colosseum and the Speckles Organ Pavilion :: Compare Architecture Architectural Essays

Colosseum and the Speckles Organ Pavilion The city of San Diego has always been a popular site for tourists. Balboa Park is one of the main tourist sites that is home to an enormous collection of art, history and science museums, galleries, and the old globe theatres and the world famous San Diego zoo. Many of these buildings and musuems are based on Aztec and Spanish architecture. Unlike other buildings in Balboa Park, the Speckles Organ Pavilion has a unique blend of ancient Roman and western architecture. The Pavilion was designed by architecture Harrison Albright in 1914, a native San Diego. The Pavilion has remarkable resemblance to the Colosseum in Rome, Italy. Although the Organ Pavilion and the Colosseum are not exact duplicates, they are alike in basic structure format and share a purpose for similar contributions to the city. The Colosseum was an enormous entertainment center. Roman audiences watched a variety of athletic events and spectacles, including animal hunts, fights to the death between gladiators or between gladiators and wild animals, performances of trained animals and acrobats, and even mock sea battle. The colosseum is designed in an oval shape, like many stadiums today, and seats up to 50,000 spectators. The concrete core, with its vaulted corridors and stair ways is devised to ensure the smooth flow of traffic to and from the arena. The semi-circle outer walls of the Colosseum consist of three levels, the three Classical orders are superimposed according to their "weight": Doric, the oldest, on the first level, it's followed by the Ionic, then the third level the Corinthian capitals. These are the basic structures of the Colosseum in Rome. The Organ Pavilion is not a exact duplicate nor does it look anything like the Colosseum. There are some similarities between the the two architecture. For instance, the stage is elevated beneath a detailed arch, the arms "a Corithian peristyle effect" that curve out on the south side to encircle the outdoor audience. Along the arms are two row of 12 Corithian columns on each side. There are no vaults that are formed, the roof top is flat. This creates a walk way leading to the stage. The amphitheater can seat up to 2400 people. The seats are metal seats laid across a flat plane. This was hard for people in the back to see from the back because the seats were not elevated from the back.